Acute mood episodes are associated with an inflammatory bias, and effective antidepressant and mood-stabilizing treatments have been shown to restore the balance between pro- and anti-inflammatory mediators (Raison and Miller 2011).
A depressed mood factor was shown previously to be a key component of manic or mixed episodes associated with bipolar I disorder in subjects with acute manic or mixed episodes (Swann et al. 2013b).
Aripiprazole, first marketed in 2002 in the USA, is currently recommended for the treatment of schizophrenia, for the treatment of manic or mixed episodes associated with bipolar I disorder, and for preventing the recurrence of mood episodes during longer-term therapy.
In conclusion, our study showed that in BD patients the presence of a mood episode was associated with elevated inflammatory monocyte gene expression.
By measuring hypo/manic and depressive symptoms and symptom variability with the BD Sx, we can include this subjective information to further refine person-specific algorithms to better identify predictors of mood episodes and factors associated with wellness with BD over time.
Poor sleep quality is known to precede the onset of mood episodes and to be associated with poor treatment outcomes in bipolar disorder (BD).
The transition from adolescent MDD to adult BPD (compared with no mood episodes in adulthood) was associated with the presence of disruptive disorders (OR = 3.62; CI = 1.09-12.07) and multiple somatic symptoms (OR = 6.60; CI = 1.70-25.67; Figure 3).
Since sub-cluster 2 genes are associated with adhesion, cell differentiation and cell shape changes and sub-cluster 1 consists of the classic pro-inflammatory genes, it seems that in our sample having a mood episode is specifically associated with activation of the inflammatory response system.
Only the nature of the mood episode was independently associated with treatment not concordant to guidelines, with hypomania predicting poorer concordance (hypomania vs. depressive and euthymic: OR (95% CI) = 7.34 (2.6 to 20.8), p < 0.001).
The manic episode, associated with sibutramine treatment, was induced in a person without previous history of mood disorders.
