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The nation states, at some basic level, are monopoly providers of services, they provide a unifying principle and ever since the Treaty of Westphalia everybody's sort of figured out what nations were and what nations did.
National Grid was created in 1990 when Britain was transforming its energy markets, breaking up state-run monopoly providers and deregulating the industry.
"Prior to restructuring of the US electric industry in the late 1990s, investor-owned utilities were regulated monopoly providers," says Chuck A Goldman, head of the Energy Analysis and Environmental Impacts Department at Lawrence Berkeley National.
"If you look at history across many developed countries, after years of liberalizing their telecom sector, the essential part of their fixed-line network is still owned substantially by the incumbent," he said, referring to former monopoly providers like SingTel.
Water companies are especially attractive: they are the monopoly providers of an essential service for which there is no substitute, and Ofwat, the industry's regulator, allows them to earn an attractive rate of return.
Telephone and cable TV services still belong to monopoly providers in most towns, but the airwaves are naturally conducive to competition.
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And even for a monopoly provider, gas is a hard weapon to use.
But because the royal family is the monopoly provider of a something trivial, it hardly seems worth opposing.
He had argued his new Channel 9 station should be Adelaide's monopoly provider because the city was too small for two stations.
For the next three years, Americans ostensibly boycotted the tea of the East India Company, Britain's licensed monopoly provider, though in practice they drank what they liked.
The monopoly provider of WCAs is Atos Healthcare, a division of a French IT firm, which had signed up for £100m of DWP business three years before.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com