Sentence examples for molecules which activate from inspiring English sources
Thiazolidinediones (TZDs) are a class of molecules, which activate the nuclear receptor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPAR γ) (Desvergne and Wahli, 1999) and promote association with the 9- cis retinoic X receptor (RXR) to form functional heterodimers that recognise its cognate DNA response element within target genes (Jude-Aubry et al, 1997; Reginato et al, 1998).
Most, if not all, solid malignancies promote inflammation through the secretion of molecules, which activate macrophages through toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and TLR2.
Proinflammatory cytokines such as interleukin (IL -3, IL -3 and TNF-α are one such group of molecules which activate landnt infection in vitro ([ 11].
Human plaque homogenates contain platelet-activating collagenous structures and various LPA molecules which activate platelets, whereas the plaque lipid-rich core contains LPA species but lacks collagenous structures.
Especially, reports concerning to transfection of p53 gene into tumor [ 25- 27] and molecules which activate latent p53 [ 28], change the conformation of mp53 [ 29] or restore the function of mp53 [ 14, 15, 30, 31]are on the increase.
The products of the PLC reaction (Nakamura and Nishizuka, 1994) as well as AA and lipoxygenase metabolites (Fan et al, 1990) are signalling molecules, which activate the protein kinase C (PKC) family of serine/threonine kinases, which we have shown (unpublished results) to act as intracellular signals of PIF action on the proteasome.
The activation of TLRs has been shown to induce proinflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-1 (IL-1), and also to cause the upregulation of costimulatory molecules which activates the adaptive immune system [ 2, 3].
It has been difficult to reproduce these receptors because they are membrane proteins, which lose their structure when removed from the smell molecule which activated them.
Bmp4 belonging to the TGFβ superfamily, is a key myocardial signaling molecule which activates EMT during cardiogenesis [ 49].
For example, a molecule, which activates GLP-1 receptor-Gαs and also glucagon receptor -Gαi, would appear to antagonize the latter's cAMP response.
Recognition of this 'foreign' material by receptor proteins inside the cell triggers the production of molecules called interferons, which activate the innate defence systems that eliminate the virus.
