In the case of HLA-SE, it is hypothesized that cigarette smoking leads to inflammation and citrullination of certain peptides, which – when presented within the context of HLA-DR4 molecules – are specifically recognized, contributing to anti-citrulline autoimmunity [ 37].
This chapter illustrates that the immune system, which during infection recognizes, as non-self the antigens of the infecting agent, and rearranges the genetic repertoire of B and T cells to code for molecules that specifically recognize them.
Practically all biological systems rely on the ability of bio-molecules to specifically recognize each other.
The prediction from the database showed that one pathogen was specifically recognized by the HLA molecule with a fast PBR substitutions rate, whereas 12 pathogens were specifically recognized by HLA molecules with a slow PBR substitution rate.
During crystallization, the ssεC oligonucleotides formed a self-complementary pseudoduplex, which is specifically recognized by a single molecule of Δ79AAG in the asymmetric unit.
The selected AI molecules, putatively mimicking the CD4bs, were shown to be specifically recognized by b12 and to be capable of eliciting in rabbits a weak, though detectable, neutralizing response against two tier 1 HIV pseudoviruses [37].
The activation of a CD4+ T lymphocyte requires the presentation of the adequate MHC class II-peptide complex (specifically recognized by the TCR of the T cell) by a mature recipient antigen presenting cells (APC) expressing costimulatory molecules [25].
The DNA minor groove is an attractive target for the design and development of molecules able to specifically recognize predetermined DNA sequences.
(D) DSS1 was specifically recognized in DSS1-protein adducts.
These results suggest that the adenine base is specifically recognized by amino acids from hENT1.
