2. Fast collisions between activator and repressor molecules means that the A + R → C reaction effectively goes to completion, with either A ≈ 0 or R ≈ 0 at all times.
The decrease of P e for the rest of the molecules means that even if any of these molecules is dysfunctional with probability one, there will be no transmission error.
Knudsen number is defined as the ratio of the molecule mean free path of base fluid molecules to the nanoparticles diameter [11]: (1).
Firstly the stochastic distribution of molecules means that at very low copy number a sampling error can be introduced when pipetting aliquots of DNA.
First, the widespread expression of MHC class I molecules means that CTL could, in principle, be deployed against malignancies of diverse origin.
The relatively small numbers of calcium ions and other signaling molecules means that consideration of discrete particles will become increasingly important for detailed, biologically realistic simulations.
where dp is the particle diameter and λ is the molecule mean free path of base fluid molecules and is given by: (2).
Larger values of D mean the molecules spread out at higher rates.
Fewer cells expressing this molecule means that the marginating pool of neutrophils, rolling along the vessel wall, will shift to the main blood flow stream contributing to the leukocytosis.
In our simple system of 225 particles - 220 water molecules and five black dye molecules - this means the dye molecules are found in the middle 5 x 5 square of our system (Figure 3A).
