Sentence examples for molecules including pro-inflammatory from inspiring English sources
When activated, they produce and release inflammatory molecules, including pro-inflammatory cytokines, matrix metalloproteinases, and free radicals.
Different inflammatory molecules, including pro-inflammatory cytokines have been proposed as critical factors in the development of microvascular diabetic complications, including nephropathy [19].
Alterations or disruptions in the homeostasis of the brain are known to activate the microglia, causing them to change from a ramified to ameboid morphology, upregulate specific cell surface receptors, and secrete toxic molecules, including pro-inflammatory cytokines, nitric oxide (NO), and reactive oxygen species (ROS) (Perry et al. 2010).
It is likely that MMPs play an active role in several steps during CM development as they can process a large repertoire of substrates [ 169- 171], including pro-inflammatory molecules, tight junctions, and hemostatic factors likely involved in CM (see Figure 5 and Tables 4 and 5).
Leukocyte recruitment is a well-orchestrated process that involves several protein families, including pro-inflammatory cytokines, adhesion molecules and chemokines [15].
NO is also an important signaling molecule in cartilage in response to different stimuli, including pro-inflammatory cytokines and mechanical signals [ 7, 26, 28].
These molecules are up-regulated in the vascular endothelium in response to inflammatory stimuli, including pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as tumour necrosis factor-α (TNFα) and interleukin (IL -1, whIL -1re commonly found in atherosclerotic lesions.
The role of cytokines as inducers of miRNA expression has recently been proposed in several studies and examples for cytokine-induced miRNA up- or down-regulation include pro-inflammatory signaling molecules like TNF-α and IL1-β [ 37, 38].
Examples include pro-inflammatory prostaglandins and anti-inflammatory resolvins, glucocorticoids, and endocannabinoid signaling molecules.
Potential new serum biomarkers include pro-inflammatory chemokines [ 16].
Up-regulated inflammatory genes include pro-inflammatory cytokines, chemokines and their upstream signalling pathway genes.
