In a bacterial culture, the death of some of the cells may provide extra nutrient, signaling, and extra-cellular matrix molecules for the cells that remain living [27].
In biological tissue, the diffusion-driven displacements of water molecules are impeded by intra- and extra-cellular tissue components [6], and therefore their measured displacement distributions provide unique microstructural and architectural information in both normal and pathologic brain tissue [7].
However, the immune responses of Drosophila can be 'primed' by exposure to certain pathogens, which activate a set of intra- and extra-cellular pathogen recognition molecules under complex control [21], [22].
Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW-MRI) is a technique used to reflect the microstructural properties of tissues, related to the intra- and extra-cellular motion of free water molecules, indicative of tissue cellularity and structure.
Gap junctions are protein channels that allow for the direct movement of small molecules between adjacent cells [ 1] or between the cell and extra-cellular environment [ 2, 3].
The interaction between cells and extra-cellular components is indispensable in determining cellular behavior in tissues and on biomaterials.
Nonetheless, extra-nuclear and extra-cellular localization of histones have been reported in other species.
The ADC depends on a number of factors including the intra- and extra-cellular water diffusion coefficients and transverse relaxation times, the cellular volume fraction, and the tortuosity of the extra-cellular space [35].
The ADC depends on a large number of factors including the intra- and extra-cellular water diffusion coefficients and transverse relaxation times, the cellular volume fraction, and the tortuosity of the extra-cellular space [35].
