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Most likely, "some sort of molecule is triggered that repels the other pollen tubes," he said.
Interestingly, this is not really new: the electron transfer in chemical reactions (or within a molecule) is triggered by units of energy, the quanta.
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Our data suggest that collagen analog-driven conformational changes of the MMP molecule are triggered by high-affinity interaction of collagen analogs with the CBD, eventually leading to MMP activation that ultimately abrogates proMMP binding to nonsubstrate collagens.
The release of these molecules is triggered at least in part by interaction of cellular and/or viral components with several TLRs, particularly TLR-9 and TLR-2 [16].
A recent study on Chlamydomonas GCS1 revealed GCS1 to be a glycoprotein in which two types of N-glycosylation occur, and a rapid degradation of GCS1 molecules is triggered by gamete membrane fusion so as to prevent polygamy [12].
One pathway is triggered by a molecule called vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF).
The normal apoptosis response in the squid, which happens early in the colonization of the light organ, is triggered by a molecule called 'lipid A' (Foster et al., 2000).
After bacterial invasion, innate immune response is triggered and effector molecules such as AMPs are released and bind to their targets.
The hypothesis was that these proteins are involved in the defense of their niche (the honey crop) against other microbes, and that their secretion is triggered by surface molecules of bacteria such as Pseudomonas that are commonly present in flowers.
In innate immunity, IFN production is triggered when host cells recognize molecules associated with pathogens.
When these molecules reach a critical threshold concentration, a signal transduction cascade is triggered.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com