However, therapeutically effective multicompartment transports containing a pharmacologically inert prodrug [64] spatially separated from a converter enabling its transformation to an active drug molecule are currently unavailable.
Therefore, laser cooling [34] and slowing [35] of molecules is currently limited to a few species [36] and the temperature so-far achieved are in the order of a few mK.
Development of sensors allowing detection of several signaling molecules is currently underway.
Fabrication of nanoparticles loaded with various therapeutically active molecules is currently under extensive research by scientists worldwide.
Direct selective inhibition of Erk with small molecules is currently probably not feasible since Erk inhibitors typically show spill-over effects onto CDKs, that are, like Erks, proline-directed kinases with considerable similarity in their catalytic clefts.
However a detailed understanding of the mechanism by which peptide transporters both recognize and transport natural peptides and their related drug molecules is currently absent and one of the major intellectual driving forces for their continued study [33 38].
