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HAMILTON O. SMITH Dr. Hamilton Smith, 68, shared the Nobel Prize in 1978 for the discovery of restriction enzymes, a kind of molecular scissors used by bacteria to cut up threatening viruses and by biologists as an essential tool for manipulating DNA.
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As a starting point for site-specific insertion of DNA, molecular scissors are used to create a DNA fragment with overhanging cohesive ends.
Scissors used for sewing, including pinking shears; scissors cases and sets.
The technology used to edit genes is called Crispr-Cas9, and works by literally copying and pasting DNA using "molecular scissors".
Genome-editing involves the insertion, deletion, or replacement of DNA in the genome of a living organism using "molecular scissors".
CRISPR works by essentially serving a part of "molecular scissors," in Haurwitz's words, using a protein called Cas9 to edit genes.
Alternatively, TALENS or CRISPR coupled with Fok1 nuclease (Guilinger et al. 2014; Tsai et al. 2014) could be used as the molecular scissors.
Dr Perry, who is based at the University of Bath, told the BBC: "We used a pair of molecular scissors and a molecular sat-nav that tells the scissors where to cut.
In his lab, Perry and his team edited the mouse genome using what are essentially "molecular scissors".
Our results demonstrate the feasibility of using engineered CRISPR/Cas as molecular scissors to create DSBs at specific sites of the plant genome to achieve targeted genome modifications in both dicot and monocot plants.
Briefly, a nuclease is used as a pair of molecular scissors to cut DNA at the target site.
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