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A 2005 molecular phylogeny, based on rDNA analysis, suggests that salamanders and caecilians are more closely related to each other than they are to frogs.
A molecular phylogeny based on rDNA analysis dating from 2005 suggests salamanders and caecilians are more closely related to each other than they are to frogs and the divergence of the three groups took place in the Paleozoic or early Mesozoic before the breakup of the supercontinent Pangaea and soon after their divergence from the lobe-finned fishes.
A 2005 molecular phylogeny, based on rDNA analysis, suggested that the first divergence between these three groups took place soon after they had branched from the lobe-finned fish in the Devonian (around 360 million years ago), and before the breakup of the supercontinent Pangaea.
Here we report molecular phylogeny based on ribosomal DNA (rDNA) sequences that includes 57 Physarales isolates.
Using a well-resolved molecular phylogeny based on 10 genes, we reconstruct the evolution of these characters across the family [120 steps; Consistency Index (CI): 0.41].
Our study is the first to test these hypotheses using a molecular phylogeny based on mtDNA from multiple sexual and parthenogenetic populations from a wide geographic range.
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Molecular phylogenies based on the chloroplast genes maturaseK (matK) and the transfer RNA Leucine (trnL) intron, the mitochondrial gene NADH dehydrogenase (nad1), and the nuclear genes alcohol dehydrogenase1 (alcoholalcohol dehydrogenase2 (and2), and G protein alpha subunit1 (GPA1) (Ge et al. 1999, 2002; Guo and Ge 2005) show that P. coarctata is derived from within Oryza.
Furthermore, molecular phylogenies based on other gene markers, albeit with sparse taxon sampling, have produced rather different results compared to SSU rRNA phylogenies [22], [28], [29].
Molecular phylogenies based on SSU rRNA [5], [6], combined SSU and LSU rRNA [7], myosin II [8] and mitochondrial genomes [9], provide strong statistical support for excluding acoelomorphs from Platyhelminthes.
Molecular phylogenies based on a single or a few genes often lead to apparently conflicting signals.
The use of DNA sequences from shared plastid genes provides many more characters for phylogeny reconstruction relative to previous molecular phylogenies based on one to several plastid genes.
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