Interestingly the phenotype increased with the additional deletion of Oc2, suggesting that Oc family members act in similar molecular pathways.
This study characterized the functional and molecular phenotype of the retina with increasing durations of diabetes.
Based on the molecular phenotype of drb2 plants (an increase in p4-siRNAs), we initially developed a targeted approach to identify DRB2 partners among RdDM actors, starting with DCL3, the enzyme involved in cutting p4-siRNA precursors [ 39].
By treating gene expression levels as molecular phenotypes, microarray technology greatly increases the number of phenotypic traits available for assessing the effect of stress on corals because we are able to survey the expression of thousands of transcripts simultaneously [27], [28], [36], [37].
The complexity of the molecular phenotypes as well as the fact that mutations are scattered throughout the protein has led to questions as to whether increase in channel activity ("gain-of-function" molecular phenotype) determines the disease outcome or whether a different dominant negative mechanism may be operational [1].
The understanding of the consequences of genetic variation for gene expression provides a more tractable intermediate molecular phenotype than a whole-organism phenotype, where confounding by other factors increases heterogeneity.
How cancer cells acquire a specific molecular phenotype is uncertain.
In one example, the mt-tRNAVal mutation (m.1624C>T) resulted in destabilization of the uncharged tRNA, and overexpression of the nuclear synthetase, VARS2, was able to increase charging of the mutant tRNA and rescue molecular phenotypes (Rorbach et al., 2008).
With the increased deployment of systems genetics and the availability of high-throughput molecular phenotypes in the newly expanded BXD RI strain population, there is a tremendous need for expanded complementary behavioral phenotyping in these strains.
Specific to the adjuvant therapy setting, broader use of molecular phenotyping to define tumours that are likely to be most susceptible to aspirin exposure (i.e., based on increased COX-2 expression) could improve the response rate.
