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However, we now know that endogenous ligands (damage-associated molecular patterns) liberated from necrotic cells act through pattern recognition receptors, initiating an innate immune response and thus affecting neuronal survival in ischemic tissue (Fujita et al., 2009; Dvoriantchikova et al., 2010a, 2011; Piccinini & Midwood, 2010).
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In addition, endogenous factors liberated from necrotic RGCs can be recognised by astrocytes as signals for 'danger' (so called damage-associated molecular patterns or DAMPs; Challa & Chan, 2010; Piccinini & Midwood, 2010; Dvoriantchikova et al., 2011, 2014b).
These mechanisms include a basal defence response following the recognition of common microbial features, known as pathogen-associated molecular patterns or microbe-associated molecular patterns.
A renaissance of elicitors: perception of microbe-associated molecular patterns and danger signals by pattern-recognition receptors.
Mitochondrial damage-associated molecular patterns released by abdominal trauma suppress pulmonary immune responses.
Pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) are crucial for the activation of dendritic cells and B cells.
Mononuclear cells recognize pathogens associated with molecular patterns (PAMPs) present on the microbial surface.
We found differential molecular patterns of ripening regulators and ethylene synthesis in hot pepper and tomato.
These cells express PRRs that detect various microbial components, the so-called pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs).18,19 PRRs also recognize damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), which are molecules released by necrotic cells and damaged tissues.
Polysaccharide and glycoconjugate-rich cell wall constituents are a major source of pathogen associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), which are recognized by pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs).
Although they are not considered professional phagocytes, OECs seem to play an important role in tissue clearance, considering that they have a range of receptors for pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs 4,5,7.
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