In the HFa and LFa pairwise comparison, the DA proteins were significantly associated with GO terms of molecular function, including GTP binding, purine ribonucleoside binding, and GTPase activity, and oxidative phosphorylation (Table S8).
Although many transcripts were encoded unknown function, we still found significant enrichment of GO terms in molecular function including binding, metabolism and transport.
The latter covers a broad spectrum of protein molecular function, including ligand, metal, inorganic cluster, protein, and nucleic acid binding [ 17].
For the abundance-decreased genes, GO annotation reveals their involvement in several subcategories of molecular function including binding (HMOX1, DBPHT1), catalytic activity (HMOX1) and molecular transducer activity (HMOX1) and no assignment for two remaining genes (EEF, EEF2L).
For the up-regulated cluster of differentially expressed ESTs, some of the enriched GO terms for molecular function included ATP binding, actin binding, serine/threonine kinase activity, structural constituent of cuticle, etc.
Furthermore, these methods consider many aspects of protein molecular function including binding to small organic molecules, inorganic groups, for example, iron-sulfur clusters and metal ions, and interactions with nucleic acids and other proteins [ 17].
Similar UVR exposure can also affect key molecular functions including collagen fibril assembly and protease susceptibility [65, 68, 69].
CircRNAs have a more stable molecular structure that can resist to exoribonuclease comparing to those linear ones, and their molecular functions include microRNA sponge, regulatory roles in transcription, mRNA traps that compete with linear splicing, templates for translation and possibly other presently unknown roles.
The methylation PSF includes 48 methylated sites in 44 genes coding for basic molecular functions, including transcription regulation, DNA binding, cytokine, and transferase activity.
Gene Ontology (GO) analysis using GoSurfer revealed major categories for genes significantly altered by cocaine, which demonstrated changes in gene expression related to specific molecular functions, including angiogenesis, apoptosis and cell death, cell adhesion, neurogenesis and axon guidance.
