Sentence examples for molecular clocks do from inspiring English sources

If studies that calibrate molecular clocks do not correct for multiple hits as thoroughly as the analyses that employ them, the date estimates will be biased [ 25].

Moreover, if as suggested [26], the molecular clock did not apply to the entire coding region, but only to the synonymous mutations in the 13 genes coding for protein subunits, it would be rather unlikely that an age overlapping such as that reported for the well represented founder haplogroups (A2, B2, D1, C1b, and C1c) in Table 1 would be observed.

In spite of homogeneous substitution rates among the branches in the 16S phylogeny, the molecular clock does not seem to tick regularly.

The existence of such an extensive rate variation among lineages precludes the application of the linearized tree method [ 45] whose estimates can be highly biased when the molecular clock does not hold [ 46].

Meanwhile, his British colleagues began to probe the fact that there are two types of cells in the SCN, ones that have very strong molecular clocks and do the timekeeping, and others that behave more like normal brain cells.

Clocks don't work.

Despite these differences, molecular clock tests did not reject clock-like evolution for any ML analyses.

This method applies a relaxed molecular clock that does not require the assumption of constant evolutionary rates among genes and lineages, and allows the use of prior constraints on divergence times.

The molecular clock hypothesis does not apply to bird mtDNA evolution, fast-evolving species being thirty times more rapid than slow-evolving ones.

(Although Takahata [ 13] treated the consequences of stochastically fluctuating neutrality on the molecular clock, he did not describe how mutational robustness might change systematically during evolution).

Researchers often estimate the ages of groups using what are called molecular clocks, as was done in the new study.