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Chemically treated (T) modifiers were processed with cumene hydroperoxide before blending into PG58-28, to promote covalent molecular bonding between the e-waste plastic and asphalt.
The improved results are attributed to the cumene hydroperoxide promoting direct covalent molecular bonding between e-waste plastic powders and the asphalt binder.
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Indeed, the gel, if in contact with the outer shell, can break the noncovalent molecular bonds between the polymer chains, causing swelling and weakening of the shell itself.
Force spectroscopy measurements of the rupture of the molecular bond between biotin and streptavidin often results in a wide distribution of rupture forces.
This followed Watson's realization that the molecular bonds between the two types of base pairs in DNA — adenine with thymine and cytosine with guanine — were identical in shape, suggesting a double helix with complementary halves, Watson recounts in "The Annotated and Illustrated Double Helix Simonon & Schuster, 2012).
Changes described above can appear in molecular bonding properties and distances between molecules, what can be observed in vibrational spectra of molecules and free volume evolution measurements, respectively.
Erdmann and Schwarz [35], [36] studied the stochastic effects of a cluster of uniformly stressed molecular bonds transiting between open and closed states under the influence of thermal fluctuation.
The bonding orbital is called the molecular bonding orbital.
It seems that H3PO4 was able to break the intra/inter molecular hydrogen bonding between O H groups of HEC as observed at 2854 3363 cm−1 region, but presence of borax helped to maintain the overall stability of the polymer matrix.
A very clear and sharp peak is noticed in the range of 3438 3442 cm−1 that shows the intra-molecular hydrogen bonding between nanoclay and PMMA Mohanty and Nayak (2010).
Singh et al. reported that ionic liquid caused disruption of the inter and intra-molecular hydrogen bonding between lignin and cellulose which initially causes swelling of the plant cell wall followed by complete dissolution [ 86].
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