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The term was once widely used to indicate developmental pattern information but has fallen out of use as understanding of its molecular basis has increased" (Slack 2013: 385, emphasis added).
Its molecular basis has remained poorly understood until the past few years, when several proteins and genes [such as testicular orphan nuclear receptor 4 (TR4) and heat shock protein 90 (HSP90)] were found to play key roles in the disease.
Moreover, purified RNA Pol II exhibits RdRp activity whose molecular basis has been shown to reside at the active site used during transcription [55].
While left ventricular dysfunction in severe HS and its physiological details were reported over half a century ago [4], its cellular and molecular basis has remained incompletely defined.
Prnpo/o mice enjoy a normal life expectancy [6], but suffer from subtle neurological phenotypes [7] whose molecular basis has remained elusive [8].
Currently, there are six known examples of inherited neurological/neuromuscular diseases of cattle where the molecular basis has been elucidated and gene tests for selection against the deleterious mutation are available.
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Studies of evolutionary logic of aging and its molecular basis have a long history.
Although the nature of these variations and their potentially associated molecular basis have not been addressed, it is reasonable to postulate that and the efficacy of sorafenib on advanced RCC may vary in patients of different ethnic background.
Although the genetics behind this trait were well resolved shortly after the rediscovery of Mendel's work in the 1920s [ 6], the molecular genetic basis has not been ascertained.
Owing to intimate links to cellular complexity, however, its molecular and cellular basis has only recently begun to be understood.
A number of in vitro studies suggest that the cytokine response can promote re-epithelialization and assist healing, but the molecular and signaling basis has remained largely uncharacterized [26], [27], [28].
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