Wei and co-researchers investigated the SERS spectra of nanoaperture-nanoparticle pairs using both theoretical and experimental approaches and suggested that the combination of nanoapertures and nanoparticles could offer ultrahigh-sensitivity SERS measurements of molecular activities such as DNA hybridizations [135].
In addition to maintaining the stability of cell shape and structure, cytoskeletal proteins also regulate various molecular activities such as intracellular transport [ 24], energy and information transfer [ 25], and signal transduction.
GO has three independently structured, controlled vocabularies: molecular functions – activities, such as catalysis or binding, at the molecular level; biological processes – events accomplished by one or more ordered assemblies of molecular functions; and cellular components – components that are part of some larger objects, such as an anatomical structure or gene product group [ 2].
In this regard, pathways, being the most documented of protein interactions, yield stable sets of functional relationships related with molecular biological activities such as metabolic, signaling, protein interaction and gene regulation processes [ 7].
Different animal models, as well as proteomics approaches for the identification of protease substrates, have helped to reveal more precise molecular signalling events mediated by meprin activity, such as activation and release of pro-inflammatory cytokines.
Stress-induced analgesia is contributed by multiple changes of molecular activity in neural systems, such as endogenous opiate system [31], serotoninergic system [32] and catecholaminergic system [33].
This is consistent with the existence of elaborate molecular mechanisms for repressing TE activity, such as the Piwi-interacting RNA (piRNA) pathway of animals (Senti and Brennecke 2010); there would be no reason to evolve such mechanisms if TEs were harmless.
The applied radio frequency produces molecular activity in wood and resins (such as those in plywood glue); part of the molecular energy is converted into heat that greatly reduces the time required to dry the wood thoroughly and evenly and to set the glue.
It is worth mentioning that S. crispa has been shown to produce some low-molecular-weight constituents with antitumor activity, such as hanabiratakelide [ 34] and FHL [ 43].
