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The surface elastic modulus is higher than the bulk tensile modulus due to the scale effect.
In many cases effective Young's modulus is higher than Young's modulus of the stiffest layer with sufficiently thick auxetic layers.
For the CNT/FE and in comparison to others (in their glassy and rubbery states), the storage modulus is higher.
The in-plane effective elastic modulus is higher about one order of magnitude than the out-of-plane modulus.
It shows that pavement modulus is higher when shear slip along the deck pavement interface is considered than that when shear slip is not considered.
The improvement in storage modulus is higher in the case SBS1filled NR systems, especially in the glassy to sub-ambient region (Fig. 8).
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The modulus is high up to the Tg, which is not achievable in a blend of PPE and polyamide.
At low strain amplitudes, the shear modulus is high, but it decreases as the strain amplitude increases [8].
It is known that the material is stiffer if its Young's modulus is high (E of steel, graphene and diamond is ~200, 1000 and 1220 GPa).
In the current study it was observed that although for each individual site tested, the higher the frequency the higher the storage modulus, the rate of change of modulus is highest at low frequencies.
The indentation modulus was higher than the tensile modulus by a factor of at least three.
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