By contrast, no significant changes in the moduli were observed in the absence of cyclic compression or in deactivated, cell-free samples.
Densities, glass transition temperatures, and Young's moduli are observed to be insensitive to the initial amount of dichloromethane.
Furthermore, increased storage- (G′), loss- (G″) and elastic (E) moduli are observed for both copoly ester-imide)s when copoly ester-imideself.
For the polyHEMA systems, the opposite trends in swelling and mechanical moduli were observed.
As the strain amplitude is slightly increased, the minimum in G″ moves to higher frequencies and, at even larger strain amplitudes, a crossover between the dynamic moduli is observed within the experimental frequency window (Fig. 3).
Moreover, a gelation temperature, Tg, corresponding to the dynamic moduli crossover, was observed for all samples with a Myverol content higher than 1.5% (w/w) and it was found to overlap with Tco when a critical concentration (ranging approximately between 2.3% and 3%) of the organogelator was exceeded.
An increase in dynamic shear moduli, G′ and G″, was observed during the dynamic temperature ramps of the sample.
Good agreement was observed in the moduli and strengths estimated using both proposed methods and the multi-scale approach, for braided composites with braiding angles ranging from 15 to 75 degrees subjected to uniaxial tension and compression.
At 1 Hz, a slight but significant difference was observed in the elastic moduli of chitosan and chitosan/carbon scaffolds (Table 1), and both values were in the range of those measured for muscle (8 17 kPa) and myocardium in healthy rats (18 kPa), indicating the ability of the scaffolds to store energy under cyclic load.
