Sentence examples for modules or pathways from inspiring English sources

In order to identify features that are associated with a clinical phenotype of interest, features can be mapped onto a priori defined and manually curated modules or "pathways".

Besides technical factors, the disparity may result from the fact that diseases are directly caused by the perturbations of the molecular function that are generally carried out by a set of genes in the form of modules or pathways.

Overlapping component genes serve as bridges across these relatively independent functional modules or pathways, hence perturbation in one pathway such as the BMP-TGF-beta signaling pathway can be propagated throughout other relevant pathways.

Such analyses, when applied in the metabolic context, can be thought of as pathway finding methods, uncovering linked modules (or pathways) of genes or proteins that undergo coordinated change as a result of some environmental or genetic perturbation.

However, another reason for this discrepancy may lie in the observation that diseases are directly resulted from perturbed cellular functions which are generally carried out by groups of genes in the forms of complexes, modules or pathways [ 17].

It has been argued that biologically functional modules or pathways need to be robust against variations of reaction parameters and protein concentrations in order to ensure proper functioning [ 54, 55].

Gene Set Enrichment Analysis Subramaniann et al., 2005) was performed independently over the whole list of genes from DS meta-analysis (19,389) and the whole list of genes from the DS heart study (11,889) in order to discern whether an enrichment of functional modules (ISA) or pathways from the ConsensusPathDB was present.

It appears that the gradual, stochastic course of gene death is punctuated by occasional bursts when a gene belonging to a functional module or pathway is eliminated, rendering useless the remaining genes in the same module or pathway.

This score is used to determine the relative importance of the corresponding module or pathway in different patient groups.

The concept of robustness refers to the 'purpose' of a certain module or pathway: it is expected that intracellular network structures have undergone an evolution that guarantees their proper functioning independently of precise parameter values [ 56].

This suggests that aberrant DNA methylation in cancer is characterized by a modularity in the sense that many components of the same gene module or pathway may be affected in the same sample.