Note that the local stability of an equilibrium point ((x,y)) is determined by the modules of the roots of the characteristic equation at the equilibrium point.
Because root systems are effectively modular, and the number of modules (roots) is not fixed, growing root systems can show a high degree of flexibility or 'plasticity' (Hodge 2004, 2006).
Recent results have demonstrated that downstream cis-regulatory modules for root-hair-specific gene expression are conserved across angiosperms, despite divergence of upstream fate-determining machinery.
Based on the concept of ephemeral root modules of perennial plants (Pregitzer et al. 2002; Xia et al. 2010), we hypothesised that the morphology (root length, root diameter, specific root length, specific root area, and specific leaf area) of lower-order roots (or leaves) would be more sensitive than that of higher-order roots (or branches) to N addition.
Ten-15 seeds were set in each of two root modules of the Lada growth chambers aboard the Zvezda module of ISS [ 14, 15], and allowed to germinate.
Module 9, which is associated with the response of roots to reducing N conditions, reflects gene functions associated with enzyme activity at the cell wall and apoplast (GO 0005618, GO 0030312, GO 0048046).
Measured parameters extracted from specific module "neurite detection" include the length of the longest neurite per neuron, number of roots and total number of segments.
The authors gave a method to lower the order of (1.3) when the module of all complex characteristic roots is larger than that of the real characteristic roots.
This figure shows the modules of F3T: Domain Module, Framework Module and Application Module.
The enumeration of cyclical EFMs started at the terminal leaf modules of the hierarchical partition tree, and proceeded in order of increasing module height (defined as the maximum path length from the module to the root of the partition tree).
