Results from trials using therapies such as immunosuppression, T-cell modulation, B-cell modulation, costimulation blockade, antigen-specific therapy, and metabolic control are likely to change the standard of care for individuals with type 1 diabetes.
Exercise is one therapy that has received much scientific attention, both for its effectiveness and logistical advantages over other therapies (such as calorie restriction, dietary or herbal supplementation, endocrine modulation, immunomodulation, or additional vaccination).
In particular, the awareness of the involvement of B cells in the immunopathology of pSS has aroused great interest in developing improved therapies, such as B-cell depletion by a chimeric anti-CD20 antibody [ 116] or B-cell modulation by an anti-CD22 antibody [ 117].
There are also alternative therapies, such as acupuncture and massage.
Having a relevant mediator of the CNS modulation evaluated in a serum sample may open the door for improving the understanding of the neuronal plasticity in clinical scenarios, offering insights into the neuromodulation induced by current therapies, such as electroacupuncture (EA).
Moreover, prospective utilization of this system can be used to plan for focal therapy such as intensity modulation radiation therapy, placement of brachytherapy seeds, or investigational types of focal therapy such as cryotherapy, laser, high-intensity focused ultrasound or alcohol ablation.
Adjunctive therapy, such as antimicrobial therapy and host modulation are incorporated into the treatment regimen as required on a case-by-case basis.
Similarly, modulation of miRNAs expression with viral vectors could potentially show the same weaknesses encountered in gene therapy, such as limited infectivity and problems in the transcription of the gene product.
