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For ease of exposition, we consider binary phase shift keying (BPSK) modulation, so that the bit is transmitted at instant,.
Each hop of communication is assumed to use ideal coding and adaptive modulation so that mutual information may be used.
As a consequence, the superposition of signals at the receiver does not preserve the characteristics of the modulation so that the intrinsic interference is not in quadrature with the desired data.
But the authors focused on the situation where both MIMO modes have equal spectral efficiency without considering adaptive modulation, so that they showed the result that spatial multiplexing is preferred in low SNR region.
We employ a time-division multiple access (TDMA) scheme for signal transmission, and we consider a half-rate communication with the QPSK modulation so that the bandwidth efficiency equals 1 bit/s/Hz.
Furthermore, CSP appears to be involved in host immune modulation so that the transcription factors that bind to the element and control the expression of this gene could represent promising drug targets.
Similar(52)
In these cases, we often observed a different spatial pattern of modulation of gaze effect so that, for instance, fixation-related activity increased when the animal looked leftward but reaching activity increased when it looked rightward, and vice versa.
A STECC is a space-time code defined as an symbol matrix based on the modulation of basic binary matrices, which can be grouped to form a binary matrix where each entry is a binary -tuple so that is the modulation efficiency.
Then, a 2.5 nm bandwidth TS-FBG is reconstructed; it is indicated that a short grating length can be used to realize the TS-FBG with chirp-free structure so that complex phase modulation is avoided in fabrication.
Note that the simulation results have been obtained by normalizing the shifted modulation so the extra power needed to shift the modulation does not push the power amplifiers into saturation and hence, power amplifiers do not experience any non-linearities.
It's been all screeching, thumping, rapping, crashing, rage and multi-decibels, but not much melody and modulation, so perhaps we need a bit of a change.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com