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Viruses with larger genomes encode multiple proteins with dedicated functions in the modulation of virus-host interaction at different levels rather than direct roles in virus reproduction [ 2- 5].
These interactions are implicated in the modulation of virus replication and the induction of host defense responses.
However, the unculturable characteristic of most microbes limits such analysis of virus-host interaction, and similarly, metagenomics does not allow for the unambiguous identification of individual virus-host pairs.
Host miRNAs are believed to be key regulators of virus-host interactions [ 14- 16].
We screened the newly identified ISGs for those participating in the modulation of virus-induced innate immune activation.
Differential modulation of host pathways could affect host cell survival or nutritional availability and subsequent Toxoplasma replication within the host cell.
The interplay between virus and the miR-101/ATP5B miR-101/ATP5Btworegulatorys a potenetworkink between modulation of thisuggestsefense mechanism and the establishment of long-term HSV-1 latency [ 36].
Modulation of the host's Ub-system likely constitutes a general strategy used by many pathogens because some viruses encode DUBs as well.
These genes may have been pirated from the host genome during the long co-evolution of virus and host.
Modulation of infected host cells by intracellular pathogens is a prerequisite for successful establishment of infection.
Modulation of various host cell processes by Chlamydia is a prerequisite to complete the developmental cycle.
More suggestions(15)
modulation of plasma
modulation of motor
modulation of resistance
modulation of action
modulation of transcription
modulation of ligand
modulation of metabolism
modulation of heterochromatin
modulation of water
modulation of hypoxia
modulation of death
modulation of carbohydrate
modulation of temperature
modulation of signal
modulation of nociception
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