Furthermore, tumor cell subpopulations can change their phenotype and gene expression profile to escape chemotherapy by means of epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT), upregulation of multidrug resistance transporters, and modulation of key signaling pathways [ 7, 8].
Activation of the p38-MAPK pathway might be responsible for the modulation of P-glycoprotein-mediated multidrug resistance in the SGC7901/VCR cell line.
Classically, resistance to polyenes and azoles is achieved by an increase in the expression of multidrug transporters in the plasma membrane or modulation of the ergosterol metabolism genes [12].
Liang and his team found that miR-19 involved in multidrug resistance through modulation of PTEN in breast tumor cells [ 26].
Their main functions pertain to the cell cycle regulation, intercellular adhesion, protein repair, angiogenesis, stem cell recruitment, multidrug resistance, and modulation of Ras, Myc, Pten, Tgf-β, NF κB, and EGF.
The proposed relationship between the selectivity of modulation of P-glycoprotein and the membrane localisation of the cytotoxic drug substrates and modulators may have important implications in the rational design of regimes for the circumvention of multidrug resistance clinically.
"The exposure to this widely used antimicrobial caused emergence of multidrug resistance in laboratory strains".
Children receive up to six cycles of multidrug chemotherapy.
Treatment of multidrug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is challenging.
Along with the problem of nosocomial infection goes the burden of "multidrug" antimicrobial resistance (MDR).
