In line with this finding, we observed dramatic differences in modulation of genes encoding Rab GTPases and other modulators of intracellular trafficking in infected Mφs and DCs (Figure 3C).
Huang et al. (2009) have isolated DST (drought and salt tolerance) gene, which negatively regulates stomatal closure and directs modulation of genes related to H2O2 homeostasis.
Keap1 constitutively binds to the transcription factor Nrf2 to promote its degradation, resulting in negative modulation of genes involved in cellular protection against oxidative stress.
It has been speculated that the potential beneficial effects of olive oil could be due to modulation of genes involved in proliferative, antioxidant and inflammatory pathways.
Intensive effort has been expended toward the isolation, cloning, characterization and transgenic modulation of genes involved in MIA biosynthesis and in the control of the expression of these biosynthesis-related genes.
Gene Ontology (GO) analysis displayed transcriptional changes suggesting interference of cellular growth, fatty acid and lipid metabolism potentially mediated through the estrogen receptor (ER), which were proposed to be associated with modulation of genes involved in endocrine function and reproduction.
Microarray analysis confirmed the modulation of genes involved in angiogenesis.
Modulation of genes involved in general cellular metabolic activities is a prominent feature of macrophage differentiation and polarization.
Another possible explanation is a metabolic deficiency generated by the down modulation of genes related to energy metabolism.
pH modulation of genes that code for ion transporters of E. coli has been previously demonstrated by others [31].
Using gene expression arrays, we found the modulation of genes related to "cell cycle", "apoptotic pathways" and to "cellular architecture and motility".
