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In order to form an SC-FDMA block, sequences of data bits {a n } are first modulated into symbols using any of the modulation methods (BPSK, QPSK or M-QAM).
Modulation methods fall into two divisions.
This system employs digital modulation methods and operates in the 1,670 1,675- and 1,800 1,805-megahertz bands.
Modulation methods must therefore be applied to the information signals in order to "frequency translate" the signals into the range of frequencies that are permitted by the channel.
Moreover, while adaptive equalization methods compensated for imperfections within the nominal three-kilohertz bandwidth of the voice circuit, advanced modulation methods permitted transmission at still higher data rates over this bandwidth.
The different modulation methods require different detectors.
Masking and modulation methods are applied for encryption.
Various system modeling and modulation methods are also briefly described.
To overcome these limitations, two categories of methods are proposed: the 1-D pulse width modulation methods [3, 4] and the 2-D area modulation methods [5, 6].
The signal attenuations and BER under different carrier frequencies and modulation methods are obtained.
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The modulation method adopted in this simulation is the carrier phase-shifted sinusoidal pulse-width-modulation methods.
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