Effects of corticofugal modulation are known to occur within a few minutes of the onset of cortical activation, then build continuously until cortical activation is ceased, after which a slow recovery is observed (up to 3 hours) [52], [57], [58].
Another salient point in this context is that enhanced parasympathetic cardiac autonomic modulations are known to improve, rather than to weaken, HRV [ 13, 14].
The modulation method is known as discrete multitone (DMT), a method in which data is sent over a large number of small individual carriers, each of which uses QAM modulation (described above in Development of voiceband modems).
This modulation scheme is known to have fewer problems with nonlinear amplifiers due to its constellation shape[29].
In data storage systems, a modulation code is known as -constrained code, where and represent the maximal and minimal number of zeros between two consecutive ones.
Autonomic modulation, which is known to shift the leading pacemaker site within the SAN [ 51], is involved into the initiation and maintenance of AF [ 52].
It is noted that the node with capability of selecting the modulation scheme (which is known as adaptive modulation) requires complicated hardware design.
The associations between MEG and MRS parameters reported here might change when MEG is recorded under top-down attentional modulation, as attention is known to influence auditory processing [ 49].
We also tested T-profiler prediconcerningcerning the time-dependent modulation of Crz1p, which is known to translocate to the nucleus in response to activation by calcineurin [30].
