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Most existing implementations of QAM-based systems use high levels of modulation in order to meet the high data rate constraints of emerging applications.
Figure 7 shows the comparison of the required SNR per bit for (normal 16-QAM) and (Optimized Hierarchical Modulation) in order to achieve the desired BERs, and shows that about 2 dB savings can be achieved by optimization.
Furthermore, it demonstrates the efficiency of the proposed solution consisting on the association of wireless protocols to hyperchaotic modulation in order to build a reliable digital encrypted data or image hyperchaotic communication system.
The authors in [11] presented power and rate adaptation policies for coded M-QAM modulation, in order to minimize the packet delay due to queuing at the data link layer, under the prescribed packet error rate constraint.
An integrative understanding of the complex interactions within the RAAS would certainly be helpful to better identify therapeutic targets and refine RAS pharmacological modulation in order to improve cardiovascular prevention.
HOW THIS MIGHT CHANGE CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY AND THERAPEUTICS ☑ The extended model can be used to explore therapeutic target modulation in order to maximize and maintain increased BMD in osteoporosis patients.
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We suggest use of low-orbit space ambient protective surface coatings for our recently reported all-solid-state electrochromic surface-heat emissivity modulation device in order to (i) to improve the infrared emissivity modulation upon use of the protective layer's antireflection effect; and (ii) protect the layer stack within hazardous space environments.
Works in [2, 3] use a specific modulation type; they can, however, be extended to use higher modulation levels in order to increase the resulting data rate.
Since there are artifacts associated with applying masks in the modulation frequency domain (see [22]), this domain is not preferable for modulation filtering in order to mask out the interference and reconstruct a time-domain signal.
The proposed multi-level inverter uses a carrier based space vector pulse width modulation scheme in order to produces the desired output voltage.
They also serve as motivation to study the spatial behavior of galactic and anomalous cosmic ray anisotropies with numerical modulation models in order to illustrate how the radial anisotropy, at different energies, change from upstream to downstream of the termination shock.
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