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Recently, some applications of the UWB technology in tags based on backscatter modulation have been proposed.
Variable rate nonbinary LDPC codes with 64 QAM modulation have been used.
The XRD result reveals that the SrTiO3/BaTiO3 thin multilayers with the designed modulation have been accomplished.
In this work, the statistics related to the quadrature phase-shift keying (QPSK) modulation have been considered since this modulation is typically used under the worst radio conditions.
Irradiation-induced damage and refractive index modulation have been simulated by the stopping and range of ions in matter 2010 and the intensity calculation method, respectively.
The field dependent mobility variations, velocity saturation of carriers and secondary effects such as DIBL and channel length modulation have been incorporated in this model.
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The role of each index in the CR modulation has been determined.
In mobile communication standards such as China Mobile Multimedia Broadcasting and Digital Video Broadcasting Satellite Second Generation, adaptive coding and modulation has been adopted.
In the example, a QPSK modulation has been considered and RMSE decreases as Q becomes larger.
Over the years, cosmic ray modulation has been studied extensively at Earth, utilizing both ground and space based observations.
For the simulations shown QPSK modulation has been employed and unless stated otherwise perfect channel estimates are assumed.
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