The effects of Maillard reaction products (MRPs), synthesized from equimolar glucose or fructose with l-cysteine (1 mol l−1) aqueous model mixtures, by modulating pH and temperature of heating, according to a two-factor and five-level experimental design, were investigated on polyphenoloxidase (PPO) activity from apple.
The new structures of A. niger PhyA are discussed in the context of protein engineering studies aimed at modulating pH preference and stability.
The appearance of these HeLa-AS spheroids suggested that the effect of AS, which leads to reduced capacity of the FL CA IX to modulate pH could influence the capability of cells to survive these microenvironmental stresses.
Advances in protease engineering for laundry detergents comprise simultaneous improvement of thermal resistance and activity at low temperatures, a rational strategy to modulate pH profiles, and a general hypothesis for how to increase promiscuous activity towards the production of peroxycarboxylic acids as mild bleaching agents.
Similarly, it is currently not known whether O-GlcNAcylation of Ph has evolved as a means to modulate Ph repressor function, or whether evolution has applied it to maintain Ph dispersity.
The basic concept is to use high performance miniature valves to the control the inflow of acid or base to modulate pH and control contraction.
This idea is consistent with the findings that the catalytic activity of CA IX is regulated by hypoxia and suggests that the capacity of CA IX to modulate pH is vital for the survival of hypoxic tumour cells.
The mechanism by which OCA2 modulates pH is unclear.
Previous work showed that the tnaA gene, encoding for tryptophanase, was required for E. coli biofilm formation on abiotic surfaces and human pneumocytes, and speculated that TnaA may modulate pH changes during attachment [ 66].
The Cr/CK reaction also modulates intracellular pH to protect cells from damage associated with internal acidification and ATP depletion [11, 12].
