During inhibition failures, escitalopram also modulated a broad network of brain regions, including anterior cingulate, right parietal cortex, right orbitofrontal cortex, and areas in right temporal cortex and subcortical regions.
It is notable that transgenic plants overexpressing AKIN10 or FUS3 gene are sensitive to abscisic acid (ABA), a pivotal stress hormone that modulates a broad spectrum of stress responses [ 45], and exhibit delayed seed germination [ 26].
The nanotechnology or other approaches might be used to develop a more effective delivery system for targeted drugs, especially miRNAs that might simultaneously modulate a broad range of gene networks necessary for malignant phenotype of EC.
LPA modulates a broad range of cellular responses, including alterations of cell proliferation, protection against apoptosis, modulation of chemotaxis, and transcellular migration [ 5, 6], thereby affecting the survival of ovarian cancer cells, macrophages, fibroblasts, and neonatal cardiac myocytes.
As a ubiquitous transcription factor, NF κB modulates a broad panel of signal transduction involved in cell proliferation, survival, and anti-apoptosis, therefore inhibition of NF κB can lead to MM cell death (Yinjun et al, 2005; Fabre et al, 2012).
Initially described by Ambros and colleagues in the model organism Caenorhabditis elegans [ 7], miRNAs have been shown to modulate a broad range of molecular processes involved in tissue homeostasis and, ultimately, in the pathogenesis of human diseases, including cancer [ 8, 9].
KAP1 also binds to a cis-acting promoter element named fibroblast transcription site-1 (FTS-1) which exists in the promoters of genes that are known to modulate a broader EMT transcriptome, including FSP1, Twist, Snail, E-cadherin, β-catenin, vimentin, and α-smooth muscle actin [ 45].
Previously, we have shown that yeast exposed to alkylating agents initiate a broad gene expression response modulating a staggering 30% of the yeast genome, i.e. up to 2000 genes [1], [2].
We suggest that this is an adaptive response to modulate an initial broad activation of genes primarily involved in synaptic signaling, endocytic transport, and inflammatory response.
