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Significantly modulated transcripts were noted upon viral (rock bream iridovirus [RBIV]), bacterial (Edwardsiella tarda and Streptococcus iniae), and pathogen-associated molecular pattern (lipopolysaccharide and poly I C) stimulations.
In both species, the majority of modulated transcripts were upregulated.
Many transcriptional changes occurred solely in V. riparia, and the most prevalent functional categories among the modulated transcripts were general metabolism and signal transduction, the latter especially at 12 h.
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Red: transcripts increased >twofold; blue: transcripts decreased >twofold; numbers of modulated transcripts are indicated in the corresponding color.
The genotype-specific modulated transcripts are of particular interest for the present work as their annotation may provide clues to the putative mechanism of heat tolerance.
In both lines, the majority of modulated transcripts was up-regulated, although in the susceptible genotype a higher percentage of pathogen-induced genes was detected (~73% vs. ~83% for CO441 and CO354, respectively).
Interestingly, many of the common modulated transcripts are not only expressed at higher levels in V. riparia than V. vinifera, but also at higher levels than the genes in the same family that are uniquely expressed in V. riparia, e.g. PR-10, stilbene synthases and WRKY transcription factors.
A more detailed illustration of heat-modulated transcripts is given in the MapMan graph.
For a broader classification, the entire set of 19110 stress-modulated transcripts was subjected to gene ontology (GO) analysis.
A list of significantly up- or down-modulated transcripts is provided in Additional file 1 and a graphic illustration of signal intensities in Additional file 2. Transcriptional profile: ↓, down-modulated; ↑, up-modulated; ⇅, not modulated.
The mean expressions of the modulated intergenic transcripts were in accordance with those found by the array.
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