They also strongly support the notion that AID might directly bind to single stranded DNA at the pre-initiating or stalling RNAP sites without a requirement for specific cofactors and that its targeting is modulated by its ability to interact with structured RNA species.
The other dynein subunits are thought to associate in the complex as homodimers and to maintain the stability of the complex, to modulate its activity, and to interact with accessory and cargo proteins [7], [8], [3], [9].
These results strongly suggest that the phosphorylation of CD98 could modulate its specific ability to interact with membranes of other cells, which might account for homotypic and/or heterotypic cell-cell interactions.
Among the many efforts, one area of focus has been modulating the ability of antibodies to interact with the humoral and cellular components of the immune system through a process known as Fc engineering (Carter, 2006; Presta, 2008; Strohl, 2011).
cheY modulates the cell's ability to interact with the flagellum and controls swimming behavior [ 24].
Various in vitro studies have described TKIs to interact and modulate the function of the ABC transporters 19, 20.
IgG Fc oligosaccharides determine the overall conformation of the Fc fragment [ 5] and modulate the capacity of IgG to interact with FcγR [ 6].
This is important because the oligomerization state may modulate the ability of proteins to interact with other molecules (Jokinen et al., 2004).
The functional asymmetry is important because descending predictions have to embody nonlinearities in the generative model (e.g. to model visual occlusion) that require them to interact or modulate each other, whereas ascending connections that drive higher representations do not.
One established functional partner for MAT2B is the catalytic isoenzyme MAT2A, through which MAT2B is postulated to interact and modulate its catalytic efficiency in order to match the cellular requirement for SAM synthesis.
