In this context, an important perspective to consider is whether sleep/wake patterns could be partly modulated by food intake, especially with a high-fat dietary intake.
Recent findings suggest that the regular intake of an analgesic substance might lead to changes in different neurobiochemical systems; e.g. the serotoninergic system is modulated by the intake of different classes of analgesics which will lead to alterations of the antinociceptive serotoninergic pathway and central sensitization [9 16].
MYLIP (Idol) is a ligase involved in the ubiquitination and degradation of LDL receptors [44], [45] and SCD is a stearoyl-CoA desaturase involved in the conversion of saturated into monounsaturated fatty acids that regulates lipid metabolism and may be modulated by dietary intake [46].
It has been suggested that cancer risk associated with the MTHFR polymorphisms may be modulated by folate intake [ 43, 44].
In the adipose tissue, NPR-C is highly expressed (33) and modulated by dietary intake, specifically decreased with fasting (34).
In turn, changes in cardiac gene expression and physiology are modulated by dietary intake, because they can be reversed by caloric restriction (Dhahbi et al., 2006).
In addition we have found that this association with T2D can be modulated by dietary intake in the framework of a randomized controlled trial, with the MedDiet increasing the protective effects of the G-allele against T2D.
Therefore, our results support that the association between the CLOCK-rs4580704 SNP and T2D can be modulated by dietary intake, having the MedDiet pattern an increasing protective effect of the G-allele against the disease.
We speculate that the plasma LysoPC level might not be modulated by regular intake of aspirin, because the plasma LysoPC level is several hundred μM even in normal subjects.
The concentrations increased during the estrogen phase but were modulated by the progestin intake throughout the study period.
