Sentence examples for modulate host innate from inspiring English sources
Oomycete plant pathogens, such as P. infestans, secrete an arsenal of effector proteins that modulate host innate immunity and enable parasitic infection [8].
Probiotics have been proposed to have the potential to modulate host innate immune responses outside the gastrointestinal tract, including the respiratory mucosa [ 28, 29].
CMV is able to evade the immune response, and some HCMV genes modulate host innate or adaptive immune responses to benefit survival of the virus itself [ 24].
In vitro studies have found that both Lactobacillus helveticus MIMLh5 and Streptococcus salivarius ST3 can efficaciously adhere to pharyngeal epithelial cells, antagonize Streptococcus pyogenes, and modulate host innate immunity, mainly by stimulating the expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokine tumour necrosis factor-alpha [ 30].
Therefore, it is possible that oral co-administration of attenuated Salmonella bacteria expressing chIFN-α and chIL-18 prior to vaccination with inactivated H9N2 LPAI could effectively modulate host innate and adaptive immune responses, thereby providing complete protection against AIV H9N2 challenge.
This occurs through their type III secretion system, which modulates host innate immune responses.
Our data suggest that Rv3409c controls acetylation of cell surface glycolipoproteins to modulate the host innate immune response.
In contrast, Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) NS1 did not bind CFH and did not modulate the host innate immune response 16.
In addition to the prokaryotic and eukaryotic pathogens described above, it is increasingly recognized that other pests of plants, such as nematodes and insects, secrete effector proteins during infection to modulate the host innate immune system (Hewezi and Baum, 2013; Rodriguez and Bos, 2013).
This review describes the current understanding of the role of these proteins in modulating the host innate immune responses.
Our findings suggest a central role for PTGS2 in modulating the host innate response that could be exploited in the development of novel anti-HIV interventions.
