The effects of geometric nonlinearity, transverse shear, boundary conditions, aspect ratio and modular ratio on the behavior of laminated composite skew plates are discussed in detail.
According to the Canadian Bridge Design Code CHBDCCSA(CSA S6-06 2006), higher modular ratio (ratio of modulus of elasticity of FRP bar to that of steel bar, 'Efrp/E s ' ) should yield higher bond strength.
These parameters include number of granular piles, modular ratio, stiffness of granular layer, diameter of granular piles, length of granular piles and arrangements of granular piles.
Meanwhile, the parametric effects of length-to-thickness ratios, layer numbers, fiber orientations and modular ratios on the deflections and frequencies are performed and discussed in details.
It is observed from parametric studies that modular ratio or stiffness of the stone columns, spacing to diameter ratio, height of the embankment, depth of the soft soil, stiffness of the geosynthetic reinforcement significantly affect the behavior of geosynthetic-reinforced stone column-supported embankments resting on soft soil.
Numerical results are presented to illustrate the influence of the fibre matrix modular ratio and the location of the loading on the bridged-crack opening mode stress intensity factor.
Therefore and to prevent the confusion, it is better to study the effect of soil stiffness and granular piles stiffness on the behavior of soil-strip footing system separately instead of studying the effect of modular ratio.
As the granular piles stiffness increases from 20 to 200 MPa (i.e., the modular ratio increases from 5to5050, the value of the bending moment at the center of the strip footing decreases by 67.2%.
In this section, the effect of soil stiffness and granular piles stiffness (i.e., the modular ratio, (E_{gp} /E_{s})) on the behavior of soil-strip footing system is studied.
The scheme is further extended to solve numerous numerical examples highlighting the influence of hygrothermal loads, geometry, curvature ratio, modular ratio, support conditions and lamination scheme on the hygro-thermo-acoustic responses of laminated composite shell panels.
