Also presented in this paper is an analytical method employing the modular ratio concept and considering the sectional slenderness limits of AS 4100 for evaluation of the strength of CFRP-reinforced CHS beams.
The effects of geometric nonlinearity, transverse shear, boundary conditions, aspect ratio and modular ratio on the behavior of laminated composite skew plates are discussed in detail.
The scheme is further extended to solve numerous numerical examples highlighting the influence of hygrothermal loads, geometry, curvature ratio, modular ratio, support conditions and lamination scheme on the hygro-thermo-acoustic responses of laminated composite shell panels.
A mechanically better justified flexural stiffness reduction factor is derived here which depends on the longitudinal reinforcement and modular ratio.
It is essentially similar to Eq. 11a except that the corresponding deflection factor (F2) is related to the pavement design thickness (h) and modular ratio (E2/E1) using a design chart.
The required pavement thickness (in radii) is then determined by consulting the relevant design chart using the deflection factor and modular ratio (E2/E1) as the main design parameters [14, 22].
Upon validating the modeling approach with a previously conducted experimental program, an extensive parametric study is conducted to evaluate the effect of the notch-depth-to-height ratio (a0/h), CFRP-to-steel area ratio, and CFRP-to-steel modular ratio of the strengthened beams.
This effect is approximately negligible especially when the modular ratio is greater than 40 and (3) with respect to soil stiffness, the differential displacement and the bending moment at the center of the strip footing increase as the modular ratio increases (i.e., soil stiffness decreases).
11 and 12. Sample mechanistic results are provided in Table 7 using 0.51 mm (0.02 inches) maximum allowable surface deflection, 70 MPa (10,000 psi) subgrade modulus value, 0.56 MPa (80 psi) contact tire pressure, and 1/50 modular ratio.
