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As a result, psychological distress may modify or confound the relationship between unmet need and health services use.
We considered that attitude towards the policy, health beliefs and demographic factors might modify or confound associations.
We performed descriptive analyses to identify potential predictors of the markers of the microcirculation that could modify or confound the association between the microcirculation and air pollution exposure.
Additional studies including more subjects are needed to elucidate whether other genetic polymorphisms modify or confound cumulative asbestos exposure asbestosis associations.
Consumption of dietary supplements during pregnancy was common in both Northern and Southern Europeans (85% and 90%, respectively) and did not appear to modify or confound associations between adduct levels and birth weight (data not shown).
If air pollution did contribute to disease formation, and these diseases were associated with elevated mortality, these disease states may not modify or confound the association between mortality and air pollution.
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In processing the analyses, we found no effect modifying or confounding variables.
According to the pre-established methodological criteria, modifying or confounding variables were not identified (Table 3).
In addition, it has been reported previously that gender and socio-economic status modify and/or confound the prevalence of mental disorders, smoking and alcohol use [ 20, 22].
Epithelial tissue boundaries such as the squamo-columnar junction of the cervix modify and confound the impedivity spectra obtained across them [ 29].
CVD history did not affect or confound the estimated effects of air pollutants; however, hypertension and hyperlipidemia appeared to modify the depression relationship.
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