Sentence examples for modifiers of mtDNA from inspiring English sources

However, no clear-cut nuclear modifiers of mtDNA disease have been identified to date (6).

Although direct evidence for a modifier effect of mtDNA in disease is lacking, naturally occurring variants have been experimentally shown to have effects on OXPHOS biochemistry (Katewa and Ballard 2007), reactive oxygen species (ROS) production (Moreno-Loshuertos et al. 2006), and other aspects of cellular (Kazuno et al. 2006) and organismal physiology (Ballard et al. 2007a; Pravenec et al. 2007).

In this analysis, clusters of mtDNA haplogroups did not show any main or modifier effects on the change of cognitive function (Additional file 1: Table S10-S11).

Understanding how the cells modulate biological processes to accommodate the adverse effects of mtDNA dysfunction is important as it may provide vital clues in the search for modifier genes as well as therapeutic targets.

Different mtDNA backgrounds proposed as modifiers of Leber Hereditary Optic Neuropathy in humans have been previously shown to modulate OXPHOS complex assembly (Pello et al. 2008).

So comparison of two samples of mtDNA will show degrees of kinship and ancestral origin.

In most mitochondrial diseases, mutant mtDNA co-exists with wild-type mtDNA, resulting in a situation of mtDNA heteroplasmy in which the residual wild-type mtDNA can partially compensate for the mutated mtDNA, averting a complete bioenergetic crisis (Wallace, 2013).

Importantly, the mechanistic aspects of mtDNA replication are still debated.

Mitochondrions contain multiple copies of mtDNA genomes.

Measurement of mtDNA content.

Predictors of mtDNA content.