Similarly, Nimblegen have modified their probe design in order to improve performance.
Expanding upon a previous study, which had investigated the learning of tool-use behavior by chimpanzees [Lonsdorf et al., 2009], our data focused on the specific elements of their tool-modification behaviors and suggest that the chimpanzees only modified their probe tools when it was functionally relevant to do so (i.e. when the artificial termite mound was baited with food).
Second, by collecting continuous data on their behavior, we also asked whether the chimpanzees first (intentionally) modified their tools prior to probing for food or whether such modifications occurred after tool use, possibly as a by-product of chewing and eating the food from the tools.
However, of the six that modified their tools, we found no significant difference across individuals in the relationship between their tool-modification and tool-use behaviors; all chimpanzees were equally likely to probe after modifying a tool.
If tool modification was functional, we predicted that the chimpanzees should (1) modify their tools prior to probing with them, (2) begin using the tool within a short delay of creating it, and (3) show more tool modifying behaviors when the artificial mound was baited with food than when it contained no food rewards.
The M values, defined as the log2 ratio of the intensities of modified probe versus unmodified probe (18), were quantile normalized across all of the 133 samples, and adjusted for batch effect using COMBAT (19).
Participants allocated to the AR group will carry out 5 weekly sessions of the modified visual probe task, AR, starting 1 week prior to their designated quit day.
In this present case, the biodistributions of untargeted deep-red CyAL-5 dye, unmodified probe 12, and modified probe 13 were determined in tumor-bearing rats and control rats without tumors.
Subsequently, the remained "capture DNA probe" on the gold electrode can hybridize with the 5′-amino modified DNA probe.
The experimental and measured results of the modified coaxial probe fed Sierpinski fractal antenna are also presented.
First, the streptavidin-magnetic nanobeads (MBs) were functionalized with the biotin modified hairpin probe (HP) with 3′-phosphoryl, forming multifunctional magnetic probes (HP-MBs).
