Factors significantly associated with the outcome (p<0.05) or which once included modified the association between treatment group by >10% were included in final models.
We also examined whether factors associated with DNA damage, such as smoking and antioxidant intake, modified the association between XRCC1 polymorphisms and breast cancer.
We examined whether behavioral disengagement – the tendency to abandon goals when experiencing stress – modified the association between cigarette taxes and daily smoking behavior.
However, the observation that NEP attendance modified the association between odds of HIV infection and active syphilis infection was unexpected.
We also examined TLR1, TLR4, and TLR5 haplotypes to determine whether other SNPs in these genes modified the association with UTI susceptibility.
We found previously that the calcium/magnesium intake ratio modified the association between calcium intake and magnesium intake on the risk of colorectal adenoma [29].
To assess if duration or frequency of aspirin use significantly modified the association between aspirin dose and bleeding risk, we examined cross-product interaction terms.
Marital status modified the association between IPI and SGA birth.
Enterolactone modified the association of BMI with breast development.
In addition, maternal diabetic and hypertensive status modified the association between proximity and preterm birth, while maternal smoking status modified the association between proximity and term LBW.
The LINE-1 methylation status modified the association between THM levels and UBC risk.
