Next, we performed regression modeling to evaluate whether age, divided into tertiles (≤36 years, 36.1 46.0 years, > 46.0 years), modified relations between the lead biomarkers and uric acid levels.
Our ability to evaluate whether race/ethnicity modified relations of menopausal status with BMD or lead biomarkers was limited by the limited variation in menopausal status.
We found no evidence that race/ethnicity modified relations of age, physical activity, or other predictor variables with lead biomarkers or BMD.
In addition, in the adjusted analysis, APOE genotype modified relations of tibia lead with BMD (with BMD as the dependent variable), and, similarly, BMD modified relations of APOE genotype with tibia lead (with tibia lead as the dependent variable).
The primary goals of the analysis were to examine blood lead, tibia lead, and DMSA-chelatable lead levels by ALAD and VDR genotypes, controlling for covariates; and to evaluate whether ALAD and VDR genotype modified relations among the different lead biomarkers.
We evaluated whether polymorphisms in three genes (ALAD, VDR, and eNOS) were associated with uric acid or modified relations of lead biomarkers with uric acid in a cross-sectional analysis of data from the first evaluation in a longitudinal study of 798 current and former Korean lead workers.
We analyzed data from 798 lead workers to determine whether polymorphisms in the genes encoding delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD), endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), and the vitamin D receptor (VDR) were associated with or modified relations of lead exposure and dose measures with renal outcomes.
So far, only a few studies have addressed whether genetic variants modify relations of dietary, behavioral, or hormonal factors to prostate cancer risk.
Menopausal status was not associated with the lead biomarkers, nor did it modify relations of BMD with lead biomarkers (but there was little variation in menopausal status because 85% of subjects were postmenopausal).
Figure 16 shows the yield stress of polycrystalline copper as a function of grain size under both the conventional Hall Petch relation and the modified Hall Petch relation.
