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These results appeared to be modified by smoking.
Furthermore, the results appeared to be modified by smoking.
Whether the association between processed meat consumption and pancreatic cancer is modified by smoking needs further study.
We investigated the association between genetic variation near the Hip gene and COPD, and whether risk estimates were modified by smoking behaviour in the Rotterdam Study.
There may be residual confounding that is responsible for the finding of age-associated differences in HPV16 L1 antibodies modified by smoking.
One study that found no evidence of association between citrus fruits and risk of bladder cancer reported that the relationship was not modified by smoking status 19.
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The effect of home smoking restriction (HSR) on adolescent smoking initiation was modified by paternal smoking but not maternal smoking using in a prospective cohort study.
The most novel finding of our study is that the effect of HSR on the start of smoking is modified by parental smoking (eg, the interaction between parental smoking and HSR).
The effect of HSR on smoking initiation in adolescents was statistically significantly modified by paternal smoking (p=0.04) but not by maternal smoking (p=0.54).
23 The strongest effect on youth smoking is parental smoking and the role of home smoking bans seems to be modified by paternal smoking.
We then applied a Breslow-Day homogeneity test to assess whether the relations between HSR and smoking initiation were modified by parental smoking behaviours.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com