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Imprinting effects are generally mediated by epigenetic modifications that modulate expression via cis-regulation.
Histone acetylation, to be sure, is only one of several histones and DNA covalent modifications that modulate chromatin topology – the so called "epigenome".
Methylation of DNA is accompanied by histone post-translational modifications that modulate DNA function, regulating chromatin structure and determining the transcriptional state of the DNA wrapped around it.
To the best of our knowledge, we are the first research group to rationally develop novel polymyxin lipopeptides using an SAR guided in toto synthetic strategy to introduce modifications that modulate activity against polymyxin-resistant Gram-negative 'superbugs'superbugs
Acetylation/deacetylation of lysine residues is one of the post-translational modifications that modulate the function of proteins as histones and non-histone proteins such as the transcription factor GATA1, the chaperone HSP90, tubulin and p53.
The immunological consequences of structural modifications that modulate peptide susceptibility to proteolysis are of interest not only for designing therapeutic agents that target protein protein recognition events but also for developing more effective peptide-based vaccines.
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The phosphorylation of AMPARs is an important post-translational modification that modulates the membrane expression of these receptors, various channel properties, and synaptic plasticity [12].
These proteins are N-glycosylated, a posttranslational modification that modulates folding, stability and activity of proteins that is essential in most eukaryotes (Varki, 1993; Sharon and Lis, 1995; Helenius and Aebi, 2004; Ohtsubo and Marth, 2006).
Tyrosine residues involved in dityrosine bond formation or those adjacent could be subject to tyrosine post-translational modifications that could modulate dimerization and function of membrane proteins.
There are over a dozen distinct post-translational modifications that can modulate protein signaling or enzyme activity [ 10].
The N-terminal of core histones protruding from the nucleosome particle is subjected to a variety of post-translational modifications that can modulate gene expression [ 6].
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