Sentence examples for modifications in prostate from inspiring English sources

Compared with DNA methylation the involvement of histone modifications in prostate cancer is relatively poorly understood, even though these two epigenetic mechanisms are closely related (Sharma et al. 2010).

In addition, the expression of sFRP1 and Smad4 was also modulated by genistein via DNA methylation or histone modifications in prostate cancer cell lines, indicating the potential importance of diet in regulating these two tumour suppressor genes.

The identification of miR-205 as an epigenetically repressed miRNA is consistent with a previous study that examined chromatin modifications in prostate cells using genome-wide promoter arrays, which revealed a gain of the repressive H3K27-trimethylation mark and loss of the active H3K4-trimethylation mark at the MIR205 locus in prostate cancer cells [ 13].

A recent genome-wide study of histone modifications in prostate cancer revealed that histone H3 lysine 27 trimethylation (H3K27me3) as a mechanism of tumor suppressor gene silencing in cancer that occurs independently of promoter DNA methylation 8. Therefore, H3K27me3 may play a role in silencing tumor-suppressive miRNAs in human cancer.

Interestingly, a recent study provides some evidence that cellular levels of histone modifications in prostate differ between benign, pre-neoplastic and cancer tissues, suggesting that histone modification patterns may be dynamic and change during various steps of carcinogenesis (Mohamed et al, 2007).

Genome-wide profiling of the H3K27me3 modification in prostate cancer has been carried out by a few groups.

In addition, a number of studies have documented alterations in the HMT EZH2, which is responsible for the repressive H3K27me3 modification, in prostate cancer.

Taken together, these results indicate that the expression of Nrf2 is suppressed epigenetically by promoter methylation associated with MBD2 and histone modifications in the prostate tumor of TRAMP mice.

Recently, a report demonstrated a reduction in histone H2A monoubiquitination- a polycomb-induced post-translational modification- in prostate cancer tumor samples [21].

For example, histone modifications and DNA methylation are both observed at silenced promoters in colon cancer cells, whereas some of the same promoters only exhibit histone modifications when silenced in prostate cancer cells [14].

This work presents the first blueprint of epigenetic modifications during EMT in prostate cells and shows that specific histone methylations are extensively involved in gene expression reprogramming during EMT and subsequent accumulation of malignant features.