Sentence examples for modifications in mammals from inspiring English sources
DNA methylation is one of the most intensely studied epigenetic modifications in mammals.
In addition, we have shown a lower number of C/D snoRNA genes guiding rRNA modifications in mammals relative to other vertebrate classes [ 16].
Pinpointing a cellular phenotype to histone modifications in mammals is not straightforward, because amino acid substitutions cannot be applied by genetic approaches and also because the enzymes catalyzing modifications often modify multiple proteins.
Elimination of β1,2-xylose and core α1,3-fucose not only demonstrated the ability of plants to synthesize human-type structures without showing any obvious phenotype but also permitted the generation of GnGn, the substrate for further modifications in mammals, such as galactosylation, sialylation, branching, introduction of a bisecting GlcNAc or fucosylation (Figs. 1 and 2).
CpG methylation is the major covalent DNA modification in mammals and is another important epigenetic mechanism.
DNA methylation is a well-characterized form of epigenetic modification in mammals, and methylation of CpG sites in the promoter regions of genes can critically affect transcriptional regulation [10].
DNA methylation is perhaps the most extensively studied epigenetic modification in mammals.
Most DNA modification in mammals is the methylation of cytosine (5mC) in the context of the CG dinucleotide [ 1– 3].
To determine the molecular function of the second step of hypusine modification in mammals, we generated a mouse strain enabling conditional knockout of Dohh (B6.Dohhtm1bal).
Although it is known that the PTM is an essential regulatory mechanism involved in eukaryotic cell proliferation, the specific role of hypusine modification in mammals has remained relatively elusive.
Studies in different model organisms revealed that while O-GlcNAc is required for selected processes in Caenorhabditis elegans and Drosophila, it has evolved to become required for cell viability in mice, and this has challenged investigations to identify cellular functions that critically require this modification in mammals.
