S. macrospora was transformed as described (Nowrousian et al. 1999) with the following modifications: Protoplasts were generated from vegetative mycelium using 40 mg/ml Glucanex 100 G (Novozymes A/S, Bagsvaerd, Denmark) and 1.4 U/ml chitinase (ASA Spezialenzyme GmbH); transformants were selected on 80 U/ml hygromycin B or 50 U/ml nourseothricin.
Here, a lethal lesion is defined as the local modification of DNA generated from the direct and indirect action of ionisation radiation (i.e. a double-strand break).
This modification generated poorer-fitting models when paths from area 36 to area 35 and the LEC to area 35 were reversed, whereas in the case of the paths between Te2 and area 36, and Te2 and the LEC, path direction did not affect model fit.
Some other acyl compounds, generated from the modification of the hydroxyl groups of the A-ring in the triterpene skeleton of oleanolic acid and maslinic acid (MA, Fig. 1) with 10 different acyl groups, displayed cytotoxic effects against b16f10 murine melanoma cells and showed apoptotic effects with high levels of early and total apoptosis (up to 90%).
As illustrated in Additional file 4, the terminal nucleotide variation, also called mismatch, could be generated from nucleotide modification from C to U at the terminus of the sequence read with 22 nucleotides, altering the length of the read.
Flöttmann et al. [ 24] built a comprehensive epigenetic regulatory network of iPS cells based on gene expression, chromatin modification and DNA methylation data generated from multiple high-throughput experiments.
pBPGUw-R1R3-p10 was generated from the following modifications to pBPGUw: removal the DSCP Drosophila Synthetic Core Promoterreplacementment of the attR2 Gateway recombination site with attR3, and replacement of the weaker Hsp70 terminator with the stronger p10 terminator sequence (Pfeiffer et al., 2012).
These series of events, expression and posttranslational modification of PRL, and subsequent secretion by exocytosis resemble the generation of other hormones generated from a prohormone.
Copper amine oxidases (CAOs) are a family of redox active enzymes containing a 2,4,5-trihydroxyphenylalanine quinone (TPQ) cofactor generated from post translational modification of an active site tyrosine residue.
We first analyzed data on H3K4me3 modification from mouse testis and liver, generated from the Hop2-/ strain (Smagulova et al. 2011).
