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We focus on studying how transcription factor-centered, multi-layer transcription regulatory networks drive hormone-dependent cancers, which involve transcription factors (e.g. nuclear hormone receptors, FOXA1, and GATA2), transcription coactivators (e.g. Mediator and histone acetyltransferases), and epigenetic regulators (e.g. histone modifications, chromatin looping and nucleosome positioning).
The transcriptional activation of gene in eukaryotes accompanies numerous events including transcription factor binding, nucleosome remodelling, histone modifications, chromatin looping and eRNA transcription.
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Our current analysis utilizing BWS and SRS LCLs derived from patients with pUPD and methylation defects at the ICR has enabled us to assign specific patterns of histone modifications and chromatin looping profiles to maternal or paternal alleles and to determine the influence of the ICR on chromatin conformation at the locus.
Deng, W. et al. Reactivation of developmentally silenced globin genes by forced chromatin looping.
Together, MED12 and ncRNA-a function to regulate chromatin looping.
We also demonstrated that recruiting Pol III to SINEs in the 5′ flanking region is required to promote Pol II gene transcription, epigenetic modifications, and chromatin looping after MAF1 knockdown.
Others, however, have shown that inhibition of eRNA generation during the estrogen response in MCF7 breast cancer cells does not affect TF binding, epigenetic modifications or chromatin loop formation to target genes [ 77], suggesting that these events precede eRNA transcription.
(e) Percentages of CTCF motif orientations at CTCF anchored chromatin loops predicted by Trac-looping as a function of distance.
By contrast, we have shown that loss of a CTCF-binding site affects chromatin looping and local histone modifications in the mouse β-globin locus, without significantly perturbing transcription [ 10].
Splinter, E. et al. CTCF mediates long-range chromatin looping and local histone modification in the beta-globin locus.
Recent work has shown that active enhancers directly involved in transcriptional activation via chromatin looping are marked by specific chromatin modifications such as acetylation of lysine 27 of histone H3 (H3K27ac) [ 7, 8].
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